2019年4月自考13162英语写作历年真题及答案

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2019年4月自考13162英语写作历年真题及答案

1、L. Supply the missing paragraph. (20 points)
The following passage is incomplete with one paragraph missing. Study the passage
carefully and write the missing paragraph in about 100 words. Make sure that your
tone and diction are in unity with the passage provided.
Why We Love Holiday Rituals and Traditions
The mere thought of holiday traditions brings smiles to most people's faces and elicits
feelings of sweet anticipation and nostalgia. Holiday rituals are bursting with sensory
pageantry. The fireworks or flowers signal to all of our senses that this is no common
occasion. Such a sensory feast helps create lasting recollections of those occasions and marks
them in our memory as special events worth cherishing. Indeed, there are plenty of reasons to
value family rituals. They can help us take a respite from the daily grind, enjoy festive meals
and connect with our loved ones.
Everyday life is stressful and full of uncertainty. Having a special time of the year when
we know exactly what to do and how to do it provides a comfortable sense of structure,
control and stability. Holiday traditions comprise rituals. The structured and repetitive actions
in such rituals can act as a buffer against anxiety by making our world more predictable. For
this reason, more people travel during the year-end holidays. Gathering together from remote
locations helps people leave their worries behind, and at the same time lets them reconnect
with time-honored family traditions.
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
The most important function of holiay rituals is thir role in maintaining and
strenghening family ties. In fact, for rlaives who live far apar, holiday rivals may be the
glue that holds the family togther. Rituls are a powerful marker of identity and group
mer
embership. Taking part in cllctive rituals creates felings of belonging and increased
generosity toward other members of the group. I's no surprise, then, that spending the
holidays with the in-laws for the first time is ofen regarded as a rite of passage- a sign of
true family membership.
Holiday rituals strengthen family harmony. Sure, we might need to take three flights to
get there. And our uncle might get drunk and start an argument with his son-in-law again. But
when we evaluate past experiences, we tend to remember the best moments and the last
moments. In other words, our memory of the family holiday will mostly consit of all the
joyful rituals, the good food, and the warm goodbye hugs (after our uncle made up with his
son-in-law). After geting back home, we'll have something to lok forward to for nextyear.

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2、II. Write an outline. (20 points)
Read the fllowing passage carefully and compose a "Topic Otline" forit.
How to Make Friends
What are friends for? This isn't a rhetorical question, but of esential concerm for
everybody. We might find friends extremely valuable in dificult situations. The truth is that
friendship is always one of life's most important features, and one too often taken for granted.
As a matter of fact, making friends requires time and effort, sometimes involving strategy.
The human desire for companionship may be boundless, but research suggests that our
social capital is finite- we can handle only so many relationships at one time. Social
scientists have used a number of ingenious approaches to gauge the size of people's social
networks; these have returmed estimates ranging from about 250 to about 5.500 pcople,
thougha Stanford thesis focusing ecusively on Franklin D. Rosvel, a findly guy with
an specal scial job, sugstede that he might have had as may as 220 aquanance.
Looking more peifially at fiendship, a study using the exchange of Cristmass cards as an
indicanor for coseness put the avernge prors fiend group an abou 121 pople.
However
vast our networks may be, our iner circle tends to be much smaller The
average
Amerian rusts only 10 to 20 pcople. Moreove, that number may be srinking From
1985 to
2004. the average nur
nber
of bosom friends that pcople reported decreased from three
to two.
This is boh sad and cosuenerita. becaue pople who have srong social eatonsis
Tend 1o lve longer than hose who don'.
So what should you do if your social life is lacking? Here, research findings can be
instructive.
Generally speaking, people tend to dismiss the humble acquaintance. However, building
deeper friendship from acquaintance may be largely a matter of putting in time. A recent study
found that it takes about 50 hours of socializing to go from an acquaintance to a casual friend,
an additional 40 hours to become a“real" friend, and a total of 200 hours to become a close
friend.
If that sounds like too much effort, reviving dormant social ties can be especially
rewarding. Reconnected friends can quickly recapture much of the trust they previously built,
while offering each other a dash of novelty drawn from whatever they've been up to in the
meantime.
And if both fail, you could start randomly confiding in people you don't know that well
in hopes of ltting the tail wag the relational dog. Sharing personal stories makes us more
likable, and as a bonus, we are more inclined to like those to whom we have bared our soui.
The academic literature is clear: Longing for closeness and connection is pervasiv.
which suggests that most of us are stumbling through the world yeaming for corpanionship
that could be easily provided by the lonesome people all around us. So set aside this aricle.
turn to someone nearby, and try to make a friend.

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3、III. Compose an essay. (60 points)
Many people envy others' possessions or status instead of cherishing their own. as
described in the saying“The grass is always greener on the other side." What do you think of
it? Write a 300-word expository essay to express your opinion in this respect.

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