2019年11月北京自考学位英语考前真题模拟阅读理解

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Passage 1

Languages are marvelously complex and wonderfully complicated organs of culture. They embody the quickest and the most efficient means of communicating within their respective culture. To learn a foreign language is to learn another culture. In the words of a poet and philosopher, “As many languages as one speaks, so many lives one lives.” A culture and its languages are as inseparable as pain and body; while one is a part of the other, neither can function without the other. In learning a foreign language, the best beginning is with the non-verbal linguistic elements of the language, its gestures, its body language. Eye contact is extremely important in English. Direct eye contact leads to understanding, or, as the English maxim (格言) has it, seeing eye-to-eye. We can never see eye-to-eye with a native speaker of English until we have learned to look directly into his eyes.

1. The best title for this passage is ________.

A. Organs of Culture B. pain and Body

C. Seeing Eye-to-Eye D. Non-Verbal Linguistic Elements

2. According to this passage, the best way to learn a foreign language is ________.

A. to read the works of poets and philosophers

B. to find a native speaker and look directly into his eyes

C. to begin by learning its body language

D. to visit a country where English is spoken

3. According to this passage, gestures are ________.

A. non-verbal as well as non-linguistic

B. verbal and linguistic

C. non-verbal but nevertheless linguistic

D. verbal but nevertheless non-linguistic

4. “As many languages as one speaks, so many lives” means ________.

A. if one leans many foreign languages, one will have a better understanding of his own language

life is richer and more interesting if one knows several languages

no matter how many languages one knows, one can never know more than one’s own culture

if a person speaks only one language, he will live a very happy life

5. One of the following which is not synonymous with the others is _______.

A. signs B. gestures C. maxims D. body language

Passage 2

In the United States, a person can take credit only for what he has accomplished by himself. Americans get no credit whatsoever for having been born into a rich or privileged family. (In the United States, that would be considered “an accident of birth”.) Americans pride themselves in having been born poor and, through their own hard work, having climbed the difficult ladder of success to whatever level they have achieved—all by themselves. The American social system has, of course, made it possible for Americans to move, relatively easily, up to the social ladder, whereas this is impossible to do in many other countries. The “self-made man or woman” is still very much the ideal in present-day America.

Americans believe that competition pings out the best in any individual. Consequently, the foreign visitor will see competition being fostered in the American home and in the American classroom, even at the youngest age levels. You may find the value placed on competition among individuals. But Americans teaching in Third World countries find the lack of competitiveness in a classroom situation equally distressing (令人苦恼的). They soon learn that what they had thought to be one of the universal human characteristics represented only a peculiarly American (or Western) value.

Americans, valuing competition, have devised an economic system to go with it – free enterprise (自由企业制). Americans feel very strongly that a highly competitive economy will ping out the best in its people and ultimately, that the society which fosters competition will progress most rapidly. If you look for it, you will see evidence in all areas – in all fields as diverse as medicine, the art, education, and sports – that free enterprise is the approach most often preferred in America.

6. What does the author mean by saying “self-made man or woman” is still very much the ideal in present-day America?

A. Americans no longer respect those who are born rich as they used to.

Americans still respect those who have climbed up the social ladder through hard work.

Americans think that an ideal man or woman should be born poor.

Americans think that only the self-made man or woman is worthy of respect.

7. What does the author think of the American social system?

A. It is a system that does not favor those who are born rich.

B. It is a system that makes social climbing very difficult, if not impossible.

C. It makes it comparatively easy for the poor to move up the social ladder.

D. It is the best system possible in the world.

8. Americans teaching in Third World countries found that _____.

A. competition is a unique American (or Western) value.

B. competition must be fostered in the classroom for success in business.

C. cooperation is more important than competition in pinging about progress.

D. competition is one of the universal human characteristics.

9. We can infer from the passage that free enterprise is _____.

A. an economic system allowing free competition among business

B. a belief that competition pings out the best in any individual

C. an attitude that values competition rather than cooperation

D. a theory that advocates competition as the source of all progress

10. Americans would most likely frown at you if you _____.

A. tell them you were born poor and had to work with your hands

B. go around telling people that your father is a self-made man

C. tell them that their social system is not necessarily the best

D. complain that you were born poor and had had no opportunities

Passage 3

What will man be like in the future – in 5,000 or even 50,000 years from now? We can only make a guess, of course, but we can be sure that he will be different from what he is today. For man is slowly changing all the time.

Let us take an obvious example. Man, even five hundred years ago, was shorter than he is today. Now, on average, men are about three inches taller. Five hundred years is a relatively short period of time, so we may assume that man will continue to grow taller.

Again, in the modern world we use our pains a great deal. Even so, we still make use of only about 20% of the pain’s capacity. As time goes on, however, we shall have to use our pains more and more, and eventually we shall need larger ones! This is likely to ping about a physical change tool the head, in particular the forehead, will grow larger.

Nowadays our eyes are in constant use. In fact, we use them so much that very often they become weaker and we have to wear glasses. But over very long period of time it is likely that man’s eyes will grow stronger.

On the other hand, we tend to make less use of our arms and legs. These, as a result, are likely to grow weaker. At the same time, however, our fingers will grow more sensitive because they are used a great deal in modern life.

But what about hair? It will probably disappear from the body altogether in course of time because it does not serve a useful purpose any longer. In the future, then, both sexes are likely to be bald!

Perhaps all this gives the impression that future man will not be a very attractive creature to look at! This may well be true. All the same, in spite of all these changes, future man will still have a lot in common with us. He will still be a human being, with thoughts and emotions similar to our own.

11. The passage tells us about _____.

A. how man’s life will be in the future

B. how future man will look like

C. the fact that man’s organs will function differently in the future

D. the fact that man is growing uglier as time passes

12. There is evidence that man is changing _____.

A. man has been growing taller over the past 500 years

B. man has got stronger eyes than he ever had

C. man’s hair is getting thinner and thinner

D. man’s limbs are getting weaker because he tends to make less use of them

13. Man’s forehead will grow larger because _____.

A. he will use of only about 20% of the pain’s capacity

B. the other 80% of his pain will grow in due time

C. he had rather narrow forehead a few hundred years ago

D. he will have to use his pain more and more as time goes on

14. Future man will probably ______.

A. have smaller eyes

B. have larger eyes

C. see better

D. gave to wear better glasses

15. The reason for believing that future man will be different is that he _____.

A. is always B. never stops changing 

C. hopes for a change D. will live a different life

参考答案

1-5  DCCBC

6-10 BCAAD

11-15 BADCB

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