2018年湖北自考学位英语考前冲刺试题及答案（3）

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学位英语视频考试高效通关》》》

When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturer's claim for it, the first step is to present the warranty(保单), or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. In most cases, this action will produce results. However, if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction.

A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, the "higher up" the consumer takes his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer's favour, assuming he or she has a just claim.

Consumers shoud complain in person whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.

Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements. For example, "The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear" is better than "This stereo(立体声音响)does not work."

The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and as firmly as possible. But if a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go a step further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumers’rights.

31.When a consumer finds that his purchase has a fault in it, the first thing he should do is to ______.

A. complain personally to the manager

B. threaten to take the matter to court

C. write a firm letter of complaint to the store of purchase

D. show some written proof of the purchase to the store

答案：D.本题答案：在原文第一句中可以找到。它的大意是：当顾客发现他(她)所买的商品有毛病或在其他方面未达到制造商所声称的标准时，第一步就是将保单或其他有助于解决问题的记录这家商店看。所以D“向这家商店出示书面证明”，与原文相符，是正确答案：。而A“当面向经理申诉”，是在第一步中问题得不到解决时才使用，所以它不是此题答案：。B“威胁将此事向法庭上诉”是在经理未能解决问题，写信给厂家也未能解决问题时才使用的方法，所以它也不是解决问题的第一步。C“给商店写一封态度强硬的抱怨信”也是在第一步中问题得不到解决时才使用的。所以A.B.C均不是正确答案：。

32.If a consumer wants a quick settlement of his problem, it’s better to complain to ______.

A. a shop assistant

B. the store manager

C. the manufacturer

D. a public organization

答案：B.此题源于第二段。作者认为许多消费者使用的简单而又常用的办法是直接向商店经理投诉。

33. The most effective complaint can be made by ______.

A. showing the faulty item to the manufacturer

B. explaining exactly what is wrong with the item

C. saying firmly that the item is of poor quality

D. asking politely to change the item

答案：B.原文第四段的大意是：当顾客申诉商品有质量问题时，态度要坚定、有礼貌，特别是如果消费者当场演示就能最有效地达到申诉目的。不能当场演示时也要提出比较具体的质量间题。A、C、D三项都是泛泛地说质量差、有毛病，而没能说出该商品哪一个具体的部位有毛病，所以都不是最有效的解决问题的办法。而B项“准确解释商品哪里有问题”与原文相符，是正确答案：。

34. The phrase "live up to" (Para. 1, Line 2)in the context means ______.

A. meet the standard of

B. realize the purpose of

C. fulfil the demands of

D. keep the promise of

答案：A.live up to所在句子的意思是：“当顾客发现他所购买的商品有毛病或在某种程度上没有达到制造商所声称的标准时，…”。B项“实现(制造商所声称的)目的”，句意不通;C项“满足(制造商所声称的)要求”;D项“履行(制造商所声称的)承诺”，C、D两项均与原文意思不符。而A项“达到(制造商所声称的)标准”正是原文所表达的意思，所以是正确答案：。

35. Tthe passage tells us ______.

A. how to settle a consumer's complaint about a faulty item

B. how to make an effective complaint about a faulty item

C. how to avoid buying a faulty item

D. how to deal with complaints from customers

答案：B.从全文看，作者向读者推荐了几种申诉伪劣商品的办法，可见作者是站在顾客的立场上的。而A.D两项是站在卖方的立场;C项在文章中未提到，所以它们都不是正确答案：。B项“如何有效地申诉有质量问题的商品”与原文意思相符是此题答案：。

A rapid means of long-distance transportation became a necessity for the United States as settlement(新拓居地)spread ever farther westward. The early trains were impractical curiosities, and for a long time the railroad companies met with troublesome mechanical problems. The most serious ones were the construction of rails able to bear the load, and the development of a safe, effective stopping system. Once these were solved, the railroad was established as the best means of land transportation.By 1860 there were thousands of miles of railroads crossing the eastern mountain ranges and reaching westward to the Mississippi. There were also regional southern and western lines.

The high point in railroad building came with the construction of the first transcontinental,system. In 1862 Congress authorized two western railroad companies to build lines from Nebraska westward and from California eastward to a meeting point, so as to complete a transcontinental crossing linking the Atlantic seaboard with the Pacific. The Government helped the railroads generously with money and land.Actural work on this project began four years later. The Central Pacific Company, starting from California, used Chinese labor,while the Union Pacific employed crews of Irish labourers. The two groups worked at remarkable speed, each trying to cover a greater distance than the other. In 1869 they met at a place called Promontory in what is now the state of Utah.Many visitors came there for the great occasion.There were joyous celebrations all over the country, with parades and the ringing of church bells to honor the great achievement.

The railroad was very important in encouraging Westward Movement. It also helped build up industry and farming by moving raw materials and by distributing products rapidly to distant markets. In linking towns and people to one another it helped unify the United States.

36.The major problems with America's railroad system in the mid 19th century lay in _______.

A. lack of financial support for development

B. poor quality rails and unreliable stopping systems

C. limited railroad lines

D. lack of a transcontinental railroad

答案：B.从第二句话开始写道：早期的火车是不实用的新奇玩意儿，很长一段时间铁路公司都遇到了麻烦的机械问题。最严重的是建造能承重的铁轨和开发安全有效的刹车系统。一旦这些解决了，铁路就成为陆上运输的最佳方式。由此可知，正确答案：为B.

37.The building of the first transcontinental system ________.

A. brought about a rapid growth of industry and farming in the west.

B. attracted many visitors to the construction sites

C. attracted labourers from Europe

D. encouraged people to travel all over the country

答案：A.第二段的大致内容是：随着第一个横跨大陆铁路线的修建，铁路建设达到了高峰。西起California，东至Nebraska修建了一条横跨大陆的铁路线。1869年这条铁路线在Utah会合。第三段写道：这条铁路线在西进运动中起了很重要的作用。通过运送原材料和快速发送物品到遥远的市场，它促进了西部工农业的发展。所以正确答案：是A.

38.The best title for this passage would be ________.

A. Settlements Spread Westward

B. The Importance of Railroads in the American Economy

C. American Railroad History

D. The Coast-to-Coast Railroad: A Vital Link

答案：D.第一段写道：当新拓居地向西进发的时候，一种快速的长途交通工具对美国来说成为必要。以下讲述了早期火车和铁路存在的问题。一旦这些问题解决之后，铁路就成为最好的陆上运输工具。到1860年美国已拥有几千里的铁路。第二段主要讲述第一个跨大陆铁路系统的修建。最后一段讲述这条铁路线对促进美国政治和经济所起的重要作用。综上所述，可知本篇第一段是引言段;第二段是发展段;第三段是结论段。根据第三段里的结论，不难选出本题的正确答案：D.

39.The construction of the transcontinental railroad took ________.

A. 3 years

B. 7 years

C. 4 years

D. 9 years

答案：A.从第二段得知，1862年国会授权二个铁路公司修建跨大陆铁路。这个工程实际上是在四年之后才真正动工的，也就是在1866年才动工。1869年这条铁路会合。由此可知，正确答案：是A项。

40.What most likely made people think about a transcontinental railroad?

A. The possibility of government support for such a task.

B. The need to explore Utah.

C. The need to develop the railroad industry in the west.

D. The need to connect the east coast with the west.

答案：D.从第二段得知，国会授权二个铁路公司修一条跨大陆铁路线，东起Nebraska向西修筑，西起California向东修筑，最后到达一个会合点，以此可以穿越大陆，把大西洋海岸和太平洋海岸连接起来。由此可知，修筑这条铁路是为了把东海岸和西海岸连接起来。所以，正确答案：是D项。