2022年4月自考00096外刊经贸知识选读模拟试题及答案1

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2022年4月自考00096外刊经贸知识选读模拟试题及答案1

1、【翻译题】A commodity breakdown of China’s trade shows that fuels (燃料)accounted for 24 per cent of total exports in 1982, food products for 13 per cent, textile fibres and mineral ores for 7 per cent and manufactured goods (the most important products were textiles, chemicals and machinery and transport equipment) for 55 per cent. Since the founding of t he People’s Republic， strong emphasis has been placed on importing capital equipment in order to strengthen the industrial sector. But the leading categories of imports in 1982 were food, which accounted for 22 per cent of the total, light manufactured items with a share of 20 per cent and machinery and transport equipment with 17 per cent.

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2、【翻译题】During the past few years a major objective of the Chinese authorities (权威、权力) has been to reduce(减少) the proportion(比例) of agricultural exports, while increasing that of industrial and mineral products. A wide variety (多样性) of industrial goods are now exported and Chinese capital equipment has been used by a number of developing countries to establish projects in areas such as agriculture, forestry, light industry, food processing, water conservation and transport and communications.

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3、【翻译题】The US dollar value of Chinese exports increased at an average rate of almost 18 per cent per annum between 1978 and 1983, while imports increased by approximately (大约)11 per cent per annum. As a result, the visible trade ‘surplus(有形贸易顺差) rose sharply from US $ 1.4 billion in 1981 to US $ 4.4 billion in 1982 and US $ 3.7 billion in 1983. Exports grew much faster than imports during this period not only because of the strong emphasis placed on exporting by China’s economic planners, but also because a number of industrial projects were postponed in 1979. Official(官方) recognition(承认) that foreign technology could play a major role in modernising the Chinese economy had caused imports to rise by more than 50 per cent in 1978 placing undue strain on the national economy. Grain imports have fallen sharply over the past few years ---- China became a net grain exporter in 1984 ---- and in 1983 the country started to export soyabeans and cotton.

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4、【翻译题】Hong Kong is China’s major export market accounting for approximately (大约) 26 per cent of total exports in 1983 (though much is re-exported to other destinations from there). Other important markets include Japan, with a share of 20 per cent in 1983, and the USA with approximately 8 per cent. The EEC’s share of China’s exports has generally been around 11-12 per cent over the past few years (the leading export markets within the European Community are Germany and the United Kingdom), while the proportion destined指定 for the Comecon countries declined from almost 15 per cent in 1978 to 6 per cent in 1983. The non-oil developing countries (excluding Hong Kong) accounted for 23 per cent of China’s total exports in 1983.

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5、【翻译题】Foreign exchange reserves have risen rapidly from approximately(近似地, 大约) US $ 2.5 billion at end – 1980 to US $ 17.0 billion (sufficient(充分的, 足够的)for approximately eight months’ imports) by Octo ber 1984. Approximately US 12 billion of the country’s reserves are held by the central bank, the People’s Bank of China, while the balance is controlled by the Bank of China which specialises in foreign exchange business.Individual(个别的, 单独的) cities must try to balance their foreign exchange earnings and requirements, but there is some scope for purchasing(购买) additional foreign exchange with Renminbi yuan. The authorities (权力) are willing to permit a run-down in the country’s international reserves over the next few years as a means of accelerating the introduction of foreign technology.

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6、【翻译题】There are no official statistics covering the invisible account of the balance of payments, but the size of the visible trade surplus(过剩的) during 1981-1983 and a pronounced increase in earnings from tourism suggest(表明) that the current account(经常项目) has been in surplus over the past few years.

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7、【将词组译成中文】capital equipment

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8、【将词组译成英文】 经济特区

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9、【将词组译成英文】基础设施

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10、【将词组译成英文】 实际资本

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11、【将词组译成英文】 消费品

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12、【将词组译成英文】有形贸易项目

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13、【将词组译成英文】无形贸易项目

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14、【将词组译成英文】反向贸易

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15、【将词组译成英文】合资企业

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