2012年10月00830现代语言学历年真题及答案

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2012年10月00830现代语言学历年真题及答案

1、Language is a complicated entity with multiple layers and facets on which there came different branches of study in different times. Of the following four branches, ______ came latest in the family of linguistics.

A.phonology

B.syntax

C.pragmatics

D.phonetics

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2、In terms of place of articulation, the two English consonants ［f］,［v］are ______.

A.palatal

B.dental

C.labiodental

D.velar

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3、According to the morphological analysis, the underlined part in the word “conceivable” should be regarded as a ______.

A.root

B.stem

C.prefix

D.suffix

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4、A syntactic category can be each of the following except a ______.

A.sentence

B.clause

C.morpheme

D.word

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5、Semantically, the sentence “I regret stepping on your book” ______ the sentence “I stepped on your book.”

A.presupposes

B.entails

C.contradicts

D.is synonymous with

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6、According to John Austin’s speech act theory, a(n) ______ act is the act performed by saying something.

A.prelocutionary

B.locutionary

C.illocutionary

D.perlocutionary

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7、All the following words except ______ are the examples which can be used to illustrate semantic

A.narrowing.

B.aunt B. wife

C.hound 

D.fowl

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8、The relationship between the words in such pairs as “buy” and “by,” “stationary” and“stationery” can be labeled as h____.

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9、U____meaning is the realization of the abstract meaning of a sentence in a real situation of communication, or simply in a context.

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10、Semantic s___ is a process of semantic change in which a word loses its former meaning and acquires a new, sometimes related meaning. For example, the word “silly” used to mean happy or naïve, but now means foolish.

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11、Speakers of an e___dialect like Black English always regard the language they speak as the major symbol of their socio-cultural identity. Asking them to change their customary language patterns is asking them to take on a new identity.

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12、The c____ period hypothesis can be supported with the view that there is considerable cerebral plasticity in the brains of young children. Thus, if a child does not acquire language during this period, for any one of a number of reasons, such as deprivation of environment, he or she is unlikely to learn a language successfully later on.

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13、Formal i____ occurs in classroom when attempts are made to raise learners’ consciousness about the nature of target language rules in order to aid learning.

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14、【判断对错并改正错误】The distinction between competence and performance proposed by Chomsky is similar to Saussure’s distinction between langue and parole.

A.正确

B.错误

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15、【判断对错并改正错误】A dental sound is produced when the tip of the tongue is brought into contact with the upper teeth to create the obstruction. The dental sounds in English are ［θ］,［ð］.

A.正确

B.错误

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16、【Directions: Explain the following terms and give examples for illustration where appropriate. (3%×10=30%)】
arbitrariness

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17、【Directions: Explain the following terms and give examples for illustration where appropriate. (3%×10=30%)】
phoneme

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18、【Directions: Explain the following terms and give examples for illustration where appropriate. (3%×10=30%)】
simple sentence

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19、【Directions: Explain the following terms and give examples for illustration where appropriate. (3%×10=30%)】
sense

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20、【Directions: Explain the following terms and give examples for illustration where appropriate. (3%×10=30%)】
commissives

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21、【Directions: Explain the following terms and give examples for illustration where appropriate. (3%×10=30%)】
semantic broadening

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22、【Directions: Explain the following terms and give examples for illustration where appropriate. (3%×10=30%)】
bilingualism

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23、【Directions: Explain the following terms and give examples for illustration where appropriate. (3%×10=30%)】
mother tongue interference

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