[主观题] III. Compose an essay. (60 points)
Some people argue that a college degree does not necessarily mean the holder has superior
intellect or stronger capability. What is your opinion? Write a 300-word argumentative essay
stating your views.

1、[主观题]II．Write an outline(20 points)
Read the following passage carefully and compose a ‘‘topic outline’’ for it．
What Is a Rodeo?
“Rodeo” is a Spanish word meaning ‘‘gathering place or marketplace for cattle.” A rodeo itself is a competitive contest based loosely on traditional cowboy skills of riding and roping．It consists of six major events：riding an untamed horse in a saddle；riding an untamed horse without a saddle；riding a bull；roping a calf；wrestling a bull to the ground；racing horses around barrels with women riders. A rodeo is perhaps the most genuinely American of all sports．
The first rodeo took place following a cattle roundup in the 1880s．From this informal cowboy pastime，a colorful spectacle has evolved that contains many familiar American elements--the exciting action of bucking horses and bulls，the explosive masculine environment，the hot dog stands，beer barrels，boots，jeans，and cowboy hats．
Today, most rodeos are staged in a large，flat arena that is fenced off to protect the viewing public．Grandstands are erected on two sides of the arena；on the other sides are places to hold the horses，calves，and bulls．Nearby are narrow chutes from which animals are released into the arena．On a platform a loudspeaker system is set up for the announcer, who introduces the riders and comments on the events as they happen．Near the arena are refreshment stands where people gather to buy food and drink. Portable rest rooms are set up near the grandstand，and an ambulance is parked nearby in case of an accident.
An opening parade of proud riders on proud horses usually begins a rodeo；the performers carry flapping national and state flags．Then the two-act performance begins．Calf roping and bull wrestling are timed events．In the fastest possible time，a man must rope and throw to the ground a calf and tie three of its feet together．In bull wrestling，the object is to tumble the bull onto its back with its head and all its feet in line．Calf roping has been done under fifteen seconds，and a bull has been wrestled in less than ten seconds．
When riding an animal，a contestant mounts before the chute gates are opened．The rider must stay on the bucking animal for eight seconds；points are given for the performance of both the animal and the contestant．In all riding events，the contestant is disqualified if he touches the animal with his free hand．
Probably the most difficult rodeo feat is Brahman bull riding．During this event, a rodeo comes to resemble a circus because gaily-costumed clowns come into the arena to distract the bull’s attention from fallen riders．To stay on a bucking bull for as long as eight seconds is one of the most challenging tasks in a rodeo. Spectators eagerly wait for this event．
The present circus extends far beyond the region where the contests first developed．Now rodeos are popular throughout the western half of the U．S．A．and in major eastern and southern cities．Australia also stages these events．One of the biggest rodeos of all is held during the annual Calgary Stampede in Calgary, Canada．

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2、[主观题]【补充段落】Why Employees Want Hybrid Work
Hybrid work is a big departure from the traditional work model. It is a flexible approachthat allows employees to split their time between working in the office and working fromhome. Employees see the values in hybrid work. A survey conducted with WakefieldResearch shows that almost half of employees would likely look for another job if theiremployer doesn't offer a flexible work model. Therefore, it's no surprise that data from ourmost recent survey shows that 77% of companies have already opted to go hybrid. What'smore, 56% of those companies are allowing employees to choose when and how often theywish to come into the office. So, what attracts employees to a hybrid work mode1?
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In addition to a better work-life balance，another value of hybrid work models is toreduce exposure to illness. The last two years have made some people nervous to embracebusy spaces again. In fact，87% of employees said last year they were worried about theirhealth and safety when it came to returning to work.Hybrid working means fewer people inthe workplace at one time. This lowers the chance of a sick employee infecting others.And since people have the option to work remotely under most hybrid work models，a sickemployee can stay home altogether to protect their coworkers.
Finally，employees can choose to work when and how they're most efficient. In anoffice-first model，people are expected to be on the clock between 9 am and 5 pm everyworkday. In a hybrid work model，employees have more flexibility to get work done whenand where they're most productive. This means flexible schedules and locations. For example,some people work best early in the morning while others do better in the evening. They canalso choose to work with teammates on-site or work from a remote location.
In conclusion, hybrid work can help employees strike a better balance between work andlife, become less exposed to illness， and work more efficiently than traditional office-basedwork models. Employees can alternate between home and the office seamlessly in a hybridwork model—-without a dip in productivity. The hybrid model is no longer an alternative styleof work. It's here to stay. Companies today must meet the needs of their workforce or risklosing talent to employers that do.

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3、[主观题]II. Write an outline (20 points)
Read the following passage carefully and compose a “topic outline” for it.
How to Lose Gracefully
Losing is a necessary part of life. Nobody likes to lose, yet in every even remotely competitive situation, someone will. Perhaps it’s the next promotion at work, or the selection of a student union leader. Even small things, like playing a card game, have an air of winning and losing to them. However, it’s what you do with that failure that makes all the difference. Assuming one is the "loser," all of these situations present a choice. One can either be a sore loser or a graceful loser.
Losing gracefully is the first step to move forward and overcome the loss. In fact, graceful losers are hardly impacted by the loss at all, because they know another opportunity awaits them. They congratulate their opponent, embrace their failure and try to figure out where they went wrong. Graceful losers do not take failure personally, but they do accept responsibility. They learn from the loss, and then apply what they’ve learned so that next time they may win.
Sore losers are quite the opposite. Perhaps the biggest risk of being a sore loser is this loss of hope for the future. Sore losers are stuck on the loss, and in so being, they may miss out on a new opportunity because of their poor attitude. Sore losers get angry. They blame their loss on the opponent, not taking responsibility for their own actions. Sore losers hold on to resentment, and may internalize their failure, leading to low self-esteem or even depression.
Of course, making lemonade out of life’s lemons is not always easy. In fact, it can be downright hard. But it is a principle worth living by. How can you lose gracefully, even when you really, really wanted to win? Essentially, you need to realize that you never really lose.
In fact, once you learn how to release the feelings about losing—the anger, the embarrassment, and the resentment—you will always feel successful. And then an amazing thing will happen. When you FEEL successful, you will ACT successful, and then, sure enough, you will BE successful. As you let go of the feelings that cause the sensation of loss, you discover that you never really lose anything.
The objects in your life are always changing, but what you are at your core is changeless. The more you release on the fears and negativity about winning and losing, the easier it will be to accept things that do happen. When you lose or win, you’ll then be able to do so gracefully.
By releasing your negative feelings, you allow the comings and goings of your life to simply happen as they do. This gives great relief and also allows you to be present with and for the new opportunities that are here every moment.
Everyone has failed at some point in his or her life. This is nothing exceptional. Even in adverse situations, one should keep in mind the principle of losing gracefully. A graceful loser will turn into a potential winner while a sore loser a bigger failure.
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4、[主观题]Ⅰ. Supply the missing paragraph (20 points)
The following passage is incomplete with one body paragraph missing. Study the passage carefully and write the missing paragraph in about 100 words. Make sure that your tone and diction are in unity with the passage provided.
Different Types of Parents
It is universally true that all parents in the world love their children. However, as parents’ views of life vary, they love their children in different ways. Generally speaking, in terms of how they treat their children, parents fall into three basic types: autocratic, democratic, and permissive.
The autocratic parent’s word is the law. He always sets rules, expecting complete obedience from his children. He assumes that he knows what is best for his children and that they will learn discipline and respect for authority from his orders. He does not realize that he may not know best and that rules without mercy may breed contempt for authority. If the child came home late from a party because a major accident on the highway tied up traffic for miles, this parent would not allow the child to explain his reasons for being late. The child would be immediately punished. This kind of parent probably has good intentions, wanting his child to grow up “right,” but his approach to the task may lead to conflicts.
The democratic parent is not so strict. He is willing to discuss rules with his children and listen to their side of an argument. If his child came home an hour late from a party, he would listen to the explanation instead of punishing the child immediately. In general, the democratic parent lays down fewer rules than his autocratic counterpart because he realizes children must learn certain things in life on their own. He prefers to play the role of an advisor and is always available when his children need help.
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Too few people with children are democratic parents, which is the best of the three types. Too much or too little authority often breeds disrespect and resentment. A good parent should offer guidance and advice; he should not try to rule his children or disregard his children completely.

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5、[主观题]Ⅰ.Supply the missing paragraph (20 points)
The following passage is incomplete with one body paragraph missing. Study the following passage carefully and write a body paragraph of about 100 words. Make sure that the tone and vocabulary you use are in unity with the passage provided.
In recent 10 years, with the advent of IT era, the role of a library has changed a lot. It is no longer restricted to the traditional function of lending books, but becomes a synthesis of educational functions. Some people think that a library should keep in pace with modern technology while others insist that a library should maintain its original function and resist hi-tech materials.
Admittedly, books are the main resources of a library, and helping people to read is the main function of a library. But the 21st century has changed the traditional definition of “book”. It is not only related to the printed materials, but also expands to a wider range, covering visual and audio publications, e-books, essay data bases, and website resources. In such an occasion, a library has to reform its old functions and introduce new functions. Once a library becomes modern, it would have the ability to display all educational resources to the public. Otherwise, it might fade out from our horizon and even become a museum. Moreover, it is the public’s demand that dominates the reformation of a library. Nowadays, people ask more. They are no longer satisfied with a simple function in a library, and furthermore, they would like to enjoy a cup of coffee as well. Therefore, a library has to add café, internet bar and video room to its original design. Overall, the money spent on the relatively expensive hi-tech media would arm a library and make it more educational, as well as attractive. What it invests would definitely result in a huge return.
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All things considered, I have reasons to believe that developing hi-tech media in a library is a right choice. A library should allocate a certain part of money on updating hi-tech materials, as well as books.

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