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当前位置 自学考试 > 自考复习资料 > 英语语法自考复习资料 > 文章详情

自考00831英语语法串讲笔记(8)

来源:自考生网 时间:2019-06-18 09:08:20 编辑:西瓜

自考00831英语语法串讲笔记(8)由自考生网为考生们整理、提供。

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Only when that fails shall I leave the ship,but not before that,nor shall any of my crew.只有当那失败了(指船全部沉入水里)我才离开船,但是在这之前我不会离开,我的任何船员也不会离开。

6.副词so放在句首,代替上文中的形容词、名词或动词等,通常表示前面所说的情况也适用于其他人(或物)。其句型是so+be(have,do,其他助动词或情态动词)+主语

He is a good student.So is Xiao Wu.他是个好学生,小吴也是。

7.neither,nor放在句首,表示前面所说的否定内容也适用于其他人(或物)。其句型是neither(nor)+be(have,do,其他助动词或情态动词)+主语。

He can't see air.Nor can I,nor can you,nor can anybody.他看不见空气,我看不见,你看不见,任何人都看不见。

8.虚拟结构中的条件从句省去if时,句中的were,had,should须移至主语之前。

例如:

Had he not stayed up so late last night,he would not have overslept this moming and been late for work.如果昨天晚上他睡得不这么迟,今天早上他便不会睡过头,上班迟到。

Should you be prepared to reduce the price by 5%,we would place our order with you.如你方能降价5%,我方可向你方订货。

Should additional insurance coverage be required,the extra premium incurred would be for the buyers'account.如要求投保附加险,所需额外保险费由买方支付。

9.在某些让步从句里:

Come what may,H1 always stand by you.不管发生什么情况,我都支持你。

Be it cheap or dear,I will take it.不管它贵还是便宜,我都要买。

Be it fine or not,I must go.不管天晴还是下雨,我都要去。

Be that as it may,I must do it.即便是那样,这事我也必须做。

Young as she was,she did the work well.虽然她年轻,但这工作她干得很好。

10.在某些表示祝愿的句子里:

May you never forget me!愿你永远记着我!

May you all be happy!祝你们大家快乐!

Long live People's China!人民中国万岁!

11.为了保持句子平衡,或为了强调表语或状语,或使上下文紧密衔接时

And there,glowing with a faint blue light in the glass test-tubes on the tables,was the mysterious something which they had worked so hard to find:Radium.在那儿,在桌上的玻璃管里,正闪烁着微弱的蓝光,这就是他们付出了极其艰辛的劳动要寻找的那种神秘的东西:镭。

Coming up behind them were warships and gunboats.紧跟在它们(指小船)后面的是军舰和炮艇。

第十九节省略句

为了避免重复,或因习惯及结构要求,句中可有一个或几个成分被省略。被省略的有主语、谓语、表语、宾语、状语,也可以是主语和谓语或谓语的一部分,这样的句子被称为省略句。

1.省略主语

Beg your pardon.请再说一遍。

Doesn't matter.没关系。

2.省略谓语或谓语部分

She was flying to England,and I to China.她飞往英国,而我去中国。

3.省略宾语

She washed,and her husband ironed the shirts.她洗衬衫,她丈夫熨。

4.省略主谓

What a pity(it is)you can not join us!你不能加入我们这边,真是遗憾!

(It is)Good to see you again!再见到你真高兴。

5.省略不定式

I meant to invite you,but forgot to(invite you)。我原本想请你的,但后来忘了。

6.并列句中的省略

In 1991 the number of branches of that company increased from nine to fifteen,and in 1994,to thirty.在1991年,该公司分店从9家增至15家,到1994年又增加到30家。

The scenery was beautiful,and the acting(was)good.布景很漂亮,演技也好。

The doctor tried to save her life,but(he tried)in vain.医生设法救她的命,但没有用。

7.在than或as引导的从句中的省略

We should think more of others than of ourselves.我们应当多想别人,少想自己。

They stayed talking much longer than was strictly necessary.他们谈了很久,严格来说用不着谈那么久。

Owing to the late arrival of your L/C,shipment cannot be effected as stipulated.由于你方信用证延迟到达,货物不能按期装运。

8.在某些状语从句中,如谓语中有be,其主语和主句的主语一样,可作部分省略

When completed,the power station will have two 25,000 kw generators.这座发电厂建成后将有两台两万五千千瓦的发电机。

He worked hard,though still poor in health.他虽然身体不好,可是工作起来很卖力气。

If necessary,I'll have the contract duplicated.如果有必要,我要请人把合同复制一下。

Fill the form where necessary.在需要填的地方填表。

If possible,I should like to have two copies of the document.可能的话,我希望有两份文件。

第二十节“It”的用法

1.代词it

(1)指除人以外的一切生物和事物。

I hope it was as good as the one you lent me.我希望它(项链)和你借给我的那条一样好。

I knew at once that it was a gift from Father.我立刻知道了这(钢琴)是我爸爸给我的礼物。

The more carbon the steel contains,the harder it is.钢含碳越多,就越硬。

(2)在某种情况下代词“也可以指人。这时可把it看作指示代词。例如:

Is it your brother?是你弟弟吗?

I didn't know it was you.我不知道是你。

“Oh?who was it?”Mr.Black asked.“哦?是谁?”布莱克先生问。

(3)it作无人称代词时,通常在句中作形式主语,用来表示自然现象、时间、距离等。

①It is nine sharp now.现在是九点正。

②It is very hot today.今天天气很热。

③It is far to the airport.到飞机场很远。

④It is about 17ff million kilometres from the earth to the sun.从地球到太阳约一亿七千万公里。

2.引导词it

(1)作形式主语,代替由不定式(或不定式复合结构)、动名词或从句表示的真正的主语。

As a student,it is bad manners to come late to class.作为一个学生,上课迟到是没有礼貌的。

It is possible that he will find the lost stamp.他有可能找到遗失了的邮票。

(2)作形式宾语,代替其后所说的真正的宾语。真正的宾语是由不定式、动名词或从句表示的。

This has made it necessary for agriculture and industry to develop very quickly.这就使得工农业必须飞速发展。

You may think it strange that anyone would live there.你也许感到奇怪,居然有人愿意住在那儿。

The invention of radio has made it possible for mankind to communicate with each other ever a long distance.无线电的发明使人类有可能进行远距离通讯联络。

3.用于强调结构中的it

为了强调句子的某一部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语),常用it作先行代词,这种

结构的句型是:It+is(was)+被强调的部分+that(或who)+其他部分,如果强调的

部分是人时须用who,而不用that.

It is the force of gravity that makes heavy things fall toward the ground.(强调主语)是地心引力使重物落向地面。

It is from the sun that we get light and heat.(强调状语)正是从太阳那里我们得到了光和热。

It was the goals eyes that he had seen in the darkness.他在黑暗中看见的是山羊的眼睛。(强调宾语)

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