宁夏学位英语考试：as，which非限定性定语从句详解

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As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.

The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.

典型例题

1)Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.

A. it B. that C. which D. he

答案C. 此为非限定性从句，不能用 that修饰，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成为句子，两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。

2)The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.

A. what B. which C. that D. it

答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定语从句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定语从句，it不为连词，使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。

3)It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..

A. that B. which C. as D. it

答案B.

as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：

(1) as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。

(2) as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词;若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。

在本题中，prevent由于是行为动词，所以正确选项应为B。

As 的用法

例1. the same… as;such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和……一样……。

I have got into the same trouble as he (has).

例2. as可引导非限制性从句，常带有'正如'。

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.

As is know, smoking is harmful to one's health.

As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语;例2中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know要用被动式。

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