自考资料00089国际贸易英语词汇（10）

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（M0）money in circulation流通中的现金

（M1）narrow money狭义货币

（M2）broad money广义货币

a minimum living standard system最低生活保障系统

Account帐户

Accounting equation会计等式

Accounting system会计系统

All Risks一切险

American Accounting Association美国会计协会

American Institute of CPAs美国注册会计师协会

Articulation勾稽关系

Assets资产

Audit审计

bad account坏帐

Balance sheet资产负债表

bear market熊市

blank endorsed空白背书

Bookkeepking簿记

bull market牛市

Business entity企业个体

Capital stock股本

cargo receipt承运货物收据

Cash flow prospects现金流量预测

catalogue商品目录

Certificate in Internal Auditing内部审计证书

Certificate in Management Accounting管理会计证书

Certificate Public Accountant注册会计师

China Securities Regulatory Commission中国证监会

China's"Big Four"commercial banks中国四大商业银行

close-ended fund封闭式基金

commission佣金

consignee收货人

Corporation公司

Cost accounting成本会计

cost and freightCFR成本加运费价格

cost insurance and freightCIF成本加运保费

Cost principle成本原则

Creditor债权人

cut a melon分红

dead account呆帐

Deflation通货紧缩

delivery交货

Disclosure批露

dividend，bonus stock股息，红利

downturn低迷时期

endorsed背书

enforce stockholding system实行股份制

Expenses费用

export department出口部

External users外部使用者

F.P.A.(Free from Particular Average)平安险

F.W.R.D.(Fresh Water Rain Damage)淡水雨淋险

face value面值

fees－for－tax reFORM费改税

Financial accounting财务会计

Financial Accounting Standards Board财务会计准则委员会

Financial activities筹资活动

Financial forecast财务预测

Financial statement财务报表

foreign exchange reservers外汇储备

futures market期货市场

Generally accepted accounting principles公认会计原则

General-purpose inFORMation通用目的信息

genetically－modified products基因改良产品

Going-concern assumption持续经营假设

Government Accounting Office govern会计办公室

Hook Damage钩损险

import department进口部

Income statement损益表

income tax所得税

indicative price参考价格

Inflation通货膨涨

Inquiry询盘

Institute of Internal Auditors内部审计师协会

Institute of Management Accountants管理会计师协会

Integrity整合性

Internal auditing内部审计

Internal control structure内部控制结构

Internal Revenue Service国内收入署

Internal users内部使用者

Investing activities投资活动

knowledge-based economy知识经济

labour-intensive economy劳动密集型经济

Liabilities负债

Management accounting管理会计

marine bills of lading海运提单

national bonds国债

nationalize；nationalization国有化

Negative cash flow负现金流量

non-perFORMing loan不良贷款

non-work income非劳动收入

notify被通知人

open-ended fund开放式基金

Operating activities经营活动

order订货

outstanding of deposits存款余额

Owner's equity所有者权益

partial shipment分批装运

Partnership合伙企业

Positive cash flow正现金流量

press conference记者招待会

price list价目表

privatize；privatization私有化

proactive fiscal measures积极的财政政策

promote independent decision－making by state－owned enterprises提高企业自主权

public relations department公关部

publicly owned economy公有经济

recession衰退时期

rectify the market order整顿市场秩序

reduce state's stake in listed companies国有股减持

restraint of trade贸易管制

Retained earning留存利润

Return of investment投资回报

Return on investment投资报酬

Revenue收入

Risk of Intermixture and Contamination混杂、玷污险

Risk of Leakage渗漏险

Risk of odor串味险

Risk of Rust锈蚀险

sales terms and conditions销售条件

Securities and Exchange Commission证券交易委员会

shareholding system;joint-stock system股份制

shipping order托运单

Shortage Risk短缺险

Sole proprietorship独资企业

Solvency清偿能力

specification规格

Stable-dollar assumption稳定货币假设

state stock reduction国有股减持

Statement of cash flow现金流量表

Statement of financial position财务状况表

steady monetary policies稳健的货币政策

Stockholders股东

Stockholders'equity股东权益

streghten the government's macro-regulatory functions加强govern宏观调控作用

Strikes Risk罢工险

T.P.N.D.(Theft,Pilferage&Non-delivery)偷窃提货不着险

Tax accounting税务会计

technology-intensive economy技术密集型经济

the Dow Jones industrial average道琼斯工业平均指数

the first majority shareholder第一大股东

the Hang Seng index恒生指数

thin trade交易薄弱

to become the majority shareholder/to take a controlling stake控股

to expand domestic demand扩大内需

value-added tax增值税

W.A./W.P.A(With Average or With Particular Average)水渍险

War Risk战争险

Window dressing门面粉饰

year-on-year与去年同期数字相比的

bull market:牛市，多头市场

bear market:熊市，空头市场

股息，红利dividend or bonus stock

国民生产总值GNP(Gross National Product)

人均国民生产总值per capita GNP

产值output value

鼓励give incentive to

投入input

宏观控制exercise macro-control

优化经济结构optimize the economic structure

输入活力bring vigor into

改善经济环境improve economic environment

整顿经济秩序rectify economic order

有效地控制通货膨胀effectively control inflation

非公有成分non-public sectors

主要成分dominant sector

实在的tangible

全体会议plenary session

解放生产力liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces

引入歧途lead one to a blind alley

举措move

实事求是seek truth from facts

引进、输入importation

和平演变peaceful evolution

试一下have a go(at sth.)

精华、精粹、实质quintessence

家庭联产责任承包制family-contract responsibility system

搞活企业invigorate enterprises

商品经济commodity economy

基石cornerstone

零售retail

发电量electric energy production

有色金属nonferrous metals

人均收入per capita income

使负担be saddled with

营业发达的公司going concerns

被兼并或挤掉annexed or forced out of business

善于接受的receptive

增额、增值、增长increment

发展过快excessive growth

抽样调查data from the sample survey

扣除物价上涨部分price increase are deducted(excluded)

实际增长率actual growth rate

国际收支international balance of payments

流通制度circulation system

总工资total wages

分配形式FORMs of distribution

风险资金risk funds

管理不善poor management

一个中心、两个基本点one central task and two basic points

以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则（1）社会主义道路（2）党的领导（3）人民民主专政（4）马列主义\*\*\*思想、坚持改革开放

the central task refers to economic construction and two basic points are the four cardinal principles-adherence to the socialist road,to Communist Party leadership,to the people's democratic dictatorship and to Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought-and persisting in reFORM and opening.

改革是"社会主义制度的自我完善和自我发展"。

ReFORM is"the self-perfection and self-development of the socialist system."

我们辨别的标准是看这样做是否有利于发展社会主义的生产力，是否有利于增强社会主义国家的综合国力，是否有利于提高人民的生活水平。

The criterion for our judgement is whether the move facilitates the development of socialist productive forces,whether it helps increase the overall national strength of a socialist country,and whether it brings about better living standards.

社会主义的最终目标是解放生产力，消灭剥削，消除贫富两极分化，最终达到共同富裕。

The main goals of socialism are the liberation and development of productive forces,the elimination of exploitation and polarization between the rich and the poor and the final achievement of common prosperity.

要人们警惕右和"左"的影响，特别是"左"的根深蒂固的影响。

to warn people of the influence of both the Right and the"Left"deviations,particularly of the deep-rooted"Left"influence.

中国要警惕右，但更要防"左"。

China needs to be vigilant against the Right deviation,but primarily,it should guard against the"Left"deviation.

资本主义和社会主义并不是以计划经济和市场的多少来划分的。

Socialism and capitalism are not distinguished by the proportion of planned and market economy.

随着改革的深化，国家指令性计划的范围将会缩小，而市场调节的范围将会扩大。

As the reFORM further develops,the scope for mandatory state plans will be narrowed,while the scope for market forces will be enlarged.

初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体制。

to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy.

各尽所能，按劳/需分配。

from each according to his ability,to each according to his work/needs.

经济结构改革。

reFORM in economic structure

剩余劳动力。

surplus labor

经营机制

operative mechanism

发挥市场的调节作用

to give play to the regulatory role of the market

经济和law的杠杆

economic and legal leverages

经济计划和市场调节相结合

to combine economic planning with market regulation

计划经济和市场调节相结合的机制

a mechanism that combines planned economy and market regulation

取消国家对农产品的统购统销

to cancel the state's monopoly on the purchase and marketing of agricultural products

改革重点转移到城市

the focus of reFORM is shifted to the cities

国家的根本任务是，集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设

The basic task of the nation is to concentrate its efforts on socialist modernization.

逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化，把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。

to modernize the country's industry,agriculture,national defence and science and technology step by step to turn China into a strong and prosperous socialist country with a high level of culture and democracy.

社会主义经济制度的基础是生产资料的社会主义公有制，即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制。

The basis of the socialist economic system is socialist public ownership of the means of production,namely,ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the working people.

国有经济，即社会主义全民所有制经济，是国民经济中的主导力量。

The state economy is the sector of socialist economy under ownership by the whole people;it is the leading force in the national economy.

国家保障国有经济的巩固和发展。

The state ensures the consolidation and growth of the state economy.

农业farming

林业forestry

畜牧业animal husbandry

副业sideline production

渔业fishing

第一产业primary industry

第二产业secondary industry

第三产业tertiary industry

生产资料means of production

生活资料means of livelihood/subsistence

生产关系relations of production

生产力productive forces

公有制public ownership

私有制private ownership

全民所有制ownership by the entire/whole people

社会主义集体所有制socialist collective ownership

厉行节约，反对浪费to practice strict economy and combat waste

外资企业foreign-funded enterprise

合资企业joint venture

合作企业cooperative enterprise

独资企业wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise

世界贸易组织World Trade Organization

中国人民银行People's Bank of China

信息产业部Ministry of InFORMation Industry

国家发展计划委员会State Development Planning Commission

贷款无力偿还loan defaults

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