2019年00596英语阅读（二）自考模拟试题（四）

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2019年00596英语阅读（二）自考模拟试题（四）

Passage Five 
“Climate change in the Arctic is a reality now!” So insists Robert Corell, an oceanographer with the American Meteorological Society. Wild-eyed proclamations are all too common when it comes to global warming, but in this case his assertion seems well founded.
Dr. Corell heads a team of some 300 scientists who have spent the past four years investigating the matter in a process known as the Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (ACIA). The group, drawn from the eight countries with territories inside the Arctic Circle, has just issued a report called “Impacts of a Warming Arctic”, a lengthy summary of the principal scientific findings. A second report, which will sketch out recommended policies, is due out in a few weeks. A third, far heftier tome detailing all the scientific findings will not come out for some months yet.
Already, though, the ACIA has made a splash. One reason is the inevitable wrangling over policy recommendations. News reports have suggested that the Bush administration has tried to suppress signs of support in the second, as yet unreleased, report, for the UN’s Kyoto protocol or other mandatory policies for the control of greenhouse-gas emissions. But even setting politics aside, this week’s scientific report has still created a stir with its bold assessment of polar warming.
At first sight, its conclusions are not so surprising. After all, scientists have long suspected that several factors lead to greater temperature swings at the poles than elsewhere on the planet. One is albedo (反射率) — the posh scientific name for how much sunlight is absorbed by a planet’s surface, and how much is reflected. Most of the polar regions are covered in snow and ice, which are much more reflective than soil or ocean. If that snow melts, the exposure of dark earth (which absorbs heat) acts as a feedback loop that accelerates warming. A second factor that makes the poles special is that the atmosphere is thinner there than at the equator, and so less energy is required to warm it up. A third factor is that less solar energy is lost in evaporation at the frigid poles than in the steamy tropics.
And yet the language of this week’s report is still eye-catching: “the Arctic is now experiencing some of the most rapid and severe climate change on Earth.” The last authoritative assessment of the topic as done by the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 2001. That report made headlines by predicting a rise in sea level of between 10 cm (four inches) and 90cm, and a temperature rise of between 1.4℃ and 5.8℃ over this century. However, its authors did not feel confident in predicting either rapid polar warming or the speedy demise of the Greenland ice sheet. Pointing to evidence gathered since the IPCC report, this week’s report suggests trouble lies ahead. 
Questions 31-35 are based on Passage Five 
31. By saying “his assertion seems well founded”, the author means that _____.
A. his statement is not reasonable
B. his assertion can be discovered
C. his statement can hold water
D. his assertion is well-known to the public
32. Scientists of the team headed by Dr. Corell _____.
A. had much acquaintance with the Arctic circle prior to the investigation 
B. were absorbed in the South Pole climate impact Assessment
C. had no acquaintance with the Arctic Circle prior to the study
D. were detached from the South Pole snowstorm impact investigation 
33. The manipulation of greenhouse-gas emissions is in its strongest form echoed in _____.
A. the Arctic Climate Impact Assessment
B. the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
C. the American Meteorological Society
D. the UN’s Kyoto protocol or other mandatory policies
34. The vanishing of Greenland ice sheet, according to the text, is _____.
A. beyond dispute
B. still in doubt
C. at its early stage
D. in its distinctive ways
35. The loss of less solar energy in evaporation at the Arctic Circle may result in _____.
A. apparent temperature stagnation elsewhere on the planet
B. less temperature swings at the poles
C. consequent temperature regulation elsewhere on the planet
D. more temperature fluctuation at the poles 
Ⅲ. Summarization ( 20 points, 2 points for each )
In this part of the test, there are ten paragraphs. Each is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence. Spell out the missing letters of the word on the ANSWER SHEET. 
Paragraph One 
Some people complain of symptoms of stress, for instance, loss of appetite, a complete sense of exhaustion, insomnia and low morale. Thus have destructive effect on their health. People tend to lose temper easily, and this may interfere personal relationship. What’s more, a high rate of suicide may warn people of their emotional well-being.
36. It is important to be a physically and p_____ healthy person. 
Paragraph Two 
We all keep hearing that trains are slow, that they lose money, and that they’re dying. But this is far from the truth. A single train can carry goods which no plane or motorcar could ever do. Modern railway lines give you a smooth, untroubled journey. Where else can you eat well, sleep in comfort, feel safe and enjoy the scene while you are traveling at speed at the same time?
37. The a _____ of railway. 
Paragraph Three
“Equal pay for equal work” is a phrase used by the American women who feel that they are looked down upon by society. However, some people (mainly men) hold different view. They say that men have more duties than women. A married man is expected to earn money to support his family and to make the important decision, so it is right for men to be paid more. Some are even against married women working at all. If women are encouraged by equal pay to take full-time jobs, they will be unable to do the things they are best at doing: making a nice home and bringing up their children.
38. The o______ view of “Equal pay for equal work”. 
Paragraph Four
Every breakaway hotel gives you the chance to see something different, while providing you with comfortable surroundings and good food. A breakaway weekend includes a three-course dinner, accommodation and a full English breakfast, for two nights. You also get Sunday lunch, either a traditional meal at your hotel, or, if you are planning to go sightseeing, the hotel will provide a packed lunch for you.
39. The s_____ that a breakaway hotel provides. 
Paragraph Five
Some scientists believe that the air inside many houses may be more dangerous than the air outside. It may be one hundred times worse. Indoor air pollution can cause a person to feel tried, to suffer eye pain, headache and other problems. Some pollutants can cause breathing disorders, diseases of blood and even cancer. Most scientists agree that every modern house has some kind of indoor pollution.
40. Compared with outside air pollution, indoor air pollution may cause w_____ effects on human body. 
Paragraph Six
With E-mail, you just write one note about your experience, at your convenience, and address it to all the friends you think might be interested. They can read your message when they have time, and read only as much as they want to. They can reply at their convenience, and you can read what they have to say at your convenience.
41. E-mail is a very c________ means of communication. 
Paragraph Seven
I think the most effective way is to learn lessons by heart. If you can recite the text and write it out, you’ve learned it fairly well. And if you can tell, in your own words, what the lesson says you’re a very successful learner indeed. Your English will be quite perfect.
42. The author’s o______ on English learning.
Paragraph Eight 
Technology acted as such a force in England beginning in the eighteenth century, and across the entire Western World in the nineteenth. Rapid advances were made in the use of scientific findings in the manufacture of goods, which has changed ideas about work. One of the first changes was that other forms of energy have taken the place of human power. Along with this came the increased use of machines to manufacture products in less time.
43. Technology has been an e_____ of historical change. 
Paragraph Nine 
A wave has height, from trough (low point) to crest (high Point). It has length-the distance from this crest to that of the following wave. The period of the wave means the time it takes for succeeding crests to pass a fixed point. None of these things stays the same-for all depend upon te wind, upon the depth of the water and many other matters.
44. P_____ description of a wave. 
Paragraph Ten 
Recent facts suggest that baby is born with the capacity to speak. What is special about Man’s brain, compared with that of the monkeys, is the complex system which enables a child to connect the sight and feel of, say, a teddy-bear with the sound pattern “teddy-bear”.
45. The capacity to speak is i_____. 

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