2019年00596英语阅读（二）自考模拟试题（二）

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2019年00596英语阅读（二）自考模拟试题（二）

II. Reading Comprehension. (50 points, 2 points for each)
In this part of the test, there are five passages. Following each passage, there are five questions with four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.
Passage One
Q. There’s a lot of talk about putting up manned orbital stations. What does this mean, concretely?
A. It is very important to have scientific stations in space. A space telescope with a mirror slightly over six and a half feet in diameter will be placed in orbit, and there will be more and more of these. A few years ago, our group at Saclay, in collaboration with a number of other European Laboratories, orbited a telescope that revolutionized our knowledge of gamma-ray emissions by celestial objects.
Life aboard manned space stations won’t be as exciting as we might suppose. It will probably be comparable to the life people lead aboard deep-sea oil rigs.
Q. What scientific interest will these stations offer?
A. Observation is much more precise beyond the atmosphere, because the sky is darker. You see many more stars and objects that are concealed by the earth’s luminescence.
Q. What objects?
A. We know pretty well how stars are born because we can observe them. Two or three new stars appear in our galaxy every year. But nearly all the galaxies were born at the same time, when the universe was constituted 15 billion (light) years ago. No new ones are thought to exist.
To observe the birth of a galaxy that happened so long ago, you have to see a very long way. At present we can go back 10 to 12 billion years. We have to go a bit farther back still, and maybe catch them in the act of birth. Distant objects are necessarily very dim, so ideal conditions are needed to observe them. Orbital stations provide such conditions.
Q. Would orbital stations be choice places from which to try to communicate with extraterrestrial intelligences?
A. Not particularly through radio communication, except on certain wave lengths that are absorbed by the atmosphere. But as points of departure for exploration they’ll be very useful.
Q. How far would such exploration go?
A. In 1989 the satellite Voyager II will reach Neptune after a journey of three and a half years. In addition, five probes were sent to rendezvous with Halley’s comet. So exploration of the solar system is more or less under way. We’ve put people on the moon, sent probes to Mars and Venus, lofted satellites near the sun (within a few tens of millions of miles), and one satellite even left the solar system a few years ago.
But visiting the stars is something else again. Light takes four years to reach the nearest stars, so you can see that it would take a satellite hundreds of thousands of years.
Of course, if the earth were to become overpopulated, we can imagine sending families in space vessels to colonize the nearest stars. But it’s their great-great-great-grandchildren who would finally reach those stars. And they wouldn’t even know where to stop. 
Questions 11-15 are based on Passage One. 
11. A space station is a _____.
A. telescope in orbit
B. laboratory in space
C. celestial object
D. collaboration of labs
12. The writer compares the life on a space station to the one on a deep-sea oil rig in order to show____.
A. dull environment
B. excitement in the wild
C. hard living conditions
D. the sameness in operation
13. In Para.7 the sentence “No new ones are thought to exist” means ____.
A. nobody believes that any new galaxy exists now
B. nobody believes that there is any new galaxy to be found soon
C. people believe that the galaxies are very old now
D. people are wrong to believe that new galaxies will appear
14. Orbital stations provide an ideal condition to observe a galaxy because ____.
A. we are closer to it in space
B. we can go back 10 to 12 billion years
C. a galaxy appears dimmer in that environment than on earth
D. a galaxy appears brighter in that environment than on earth.
15. We may draw a conclusion from Para.14 that ____.
A. human habitation on other stars is a pure imagination
B. even later generations won’t know which star to land on
C. colonizing other stars is a solution to overpopulation
D. reaching other stars by present technology is still unrealistic 
Passage Two
In 1998 consumers could purchase virtually anything over the Internet. Books, compact discs, and even stocks were available from World Wide Websites that seemed to spring up almost daily. A few years earlier, some people had predicted that consumers accustomed to shopping in stores would be reluctant to buy things that they could not see or touch in person. For a growing number of time-starved consumers, however, shopping from their home computer was proving to be a convenient alternative to driving to the store.
A research estimated that in 1998 US consumers would purchase $7.3 billion of goods over the Internet, double the 1997 total. Finding a bargain was getting easier, owing to the rise of online auctions and Websites that did comparison shopping on the Internet for the best deal.
For all the consumers’ interest, retailing in cyberspace was still a largely unprofitable business, however, Internet pioneer Amazon. com, which began selling books in 1995 and later branched into recorded music and videos, posted revenue of $153.7 million in the third quarter, up from $37.9 million in the same period of 1997. Overall, however, the company’s loss widened to $45.2 million from $9.6 million, and analysts did not expect the company to turn a profit until 2001. Despite the great loss, Amazon. Com had a stock market value of many billions, reflecting investors’ optimism about the future of the industry.
Internet retailing appealed to investors because it provided an efficient means for reaching millions of consumers without having the cost of operating conventional stores with their armies of salespeople. Selling online carried its own risks, however. With so many companies competing for consumers’ attention, price competition was intense and profit margins were thin or nonexistent. One video retailer sold the hit movie Titanic for $9.99, undercutting the $19.99 suggested retail price and losing about $6 on each copy sold. With Internet retailing still in its initial stage, companies seemed willing to absorb such losses in an attempt to establish a dominant market position. 
Questions 16-20 are based on Passage Two 
16. According to the writer, which of the following is true?
A. Consumers are reluctant to buy things on the Internet.
B. Consumers are too busy to buy things on the Internet.
C. More and more consumers prefer Internet shopping.
D. Internet retailing is a profitable business.
17. Finding a bargain on the Internet was getting easier partly because _____.
A. there were more and more online auctions.
B. there were more and more Internet users.
C. the consumers had more money to spend.
D. there were more goods available on the Internet
18. “For all the consumer interest” (Para. 3) means _____.
A. to the interest of all the consumers
B. for the interest of all the consumers
C. all the consumers are much interested
D. though consumers are very much interested
19. It can be inferred from the passage that Amazon. com ______.
A. is making a profit now

B. will probably make a profit in 2001
C. is a company that sells books only
D. suffers a great loss on the stock market
20. Investors are interested in Internet retailing because _____.
A. selling online involves little risk
B. Internet retailing is in its initial stage
C. they can make huge profits from it
D. it can easily reach millions of consumers 

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